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◙Nouns: - Noun is the name given to a
► Person► Place► Animal► Thing► Idea / Emotion
Nouns can be classified into 3 parts:-
◙ Common Noun:-
Nouns that are used for all people, places, things & animals are called Common Nouns
E.g. I saw a movie today (can be any movie, English or Hindi, any kind)
◙ Proper Noun:-
Nouns that are used for one particular person or one place, animal or thing are called Proper nouns.
E.g. I saw Titanic today (specific movie, the name of the movie gives you the details watch english movies or listen english songs or listen english radio for learn english)
◙ Abstract Noun:-
There can be no kinds or types of feeling. Hence the names of feeling and ideas are called Abstract Nouns. They have no shape, size form or color.
E.g. anger, hunger, greed, pain etc.
► Singular & Plural Nouns
A noun that denotes one person or thing is said to be in the Singular number.
E.g. bat, book, girl, chair
A noun that denotes more than one person or thing is said to be in the Plural numbers
E.g. bats, books, girls, chairs.
► Nouns: The Possessive Case
1. To show that something belongs to somebody, we add apostrophe’s (s) to form the possessive case, if the noun is singular.E.g. Anil’s book (english learning)was on the table.
2. To form the possessive case of a plural noun ending in `s’, we simply add an apostrophe (‘) to the noun. If the plural dose not end in `s’ then we must add’s in english.
E.g. The boy's books are on the table.
Note: - In english this possessive form can be used with people and animals, but normally it is NOT used with things.
E.g. Usha’s book but not room’s door.
In english when we talk about things we use “of”
E.g. Keys of the car
◙ Articles: - Articles can be classified as
◙ Indefinite articles: -
When you learn english then listen a/an is used before a countable singular noun. We use a in front of a word that begin with a consonant sound and an in front of a word that begin with a vowel sound.
E.g. a church an apple
◙ Definite articles: -
The definite article is used with singular and plural count nouns as well as with mass nouns. It is used with singular count nouns where the reference is to something specific
E.g. This is the house that jack built.

E.g. Learn-english.co.in is the fun way to learn english.
◙ Pronoun: -
A pronoun is word that is used instead of a noun.
E.g. he, she, it, they, them, I, my, mine etc.
►Read the following passage: -
Raj was a student of Bishop’s School. Raj was best in speaking english. Raj was very intelligent and he always stood first in his class. Raj’s father was a poor farmer but was careful to ensure that Raj had good education, and that Raj worked hard so that Raj would have a good chance in life when Raj grew older. But although Raj was intelligent Raj was lazy. And when the examinations came, Raj failed in all subjects because Raj had not done enough work.
►Now read this version of the passage: -
Raj was a student of Bishop’s School. He was best in speaking english. He was very intelligent and he always stood first in his class. His father was a poor farmer but was careful to ensure that Raj had good education, and that he worked hard so that he would have a good chance in life when he grew older. But although Raj was intelligent, he was lazy. And when the examinations came, he failed in all subjects because he had not done enough work.
In the above passage, you will see that instead of the word “Raj”, the pronoun he has been used whenever possible, that is when there is no risk of confusion between Raj and his father.

Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun. Personal Pronouns are used or substituted for the name of a person or object and they change their form according to the way they are used in a sentence.

 ◙ Gender: -

           There are three genders:-

 ► Masculine:- the nouns and pronouns referring to males are masculine.

          E.g. boy, man, father, he, him

► Feminine:- nouns and pronouns referring to females are feminine.

          E.g. girl, woman, mother, she, her.

► Neuter:- nouns and pronouns referring to things or objects are neuter.

          E.g. book, table, chair, tree, it.